New Article: The Tale of Gonzalo Guerrero, The Conquistador Adopted Into Mayan Society

A large canoe appeared before Hernán Cortés at Cozumel. Seven people disembarked from the canoe, and the Conquistadors, after some double-takes and closer inspections, realized that one of the seven new arrivals was Spanish. Bernal Díaz described the man’s state: “He wore a very ragged old cloak, and a tattered loincloth to cover his private parts; and in his cloak was tied an object which proved to be a very old prayer-book” (The Conquest of New Spain, chapter 29). Upon reaching the Conquistadors, the man loudly exclaimed in Spanish a prayer to God and “the blessed Mary of Seville,” which convinced Cortés and the explorers that the man was truly a Spaniard.

After giving the man new clothes, Hernán Cortés debriefed him for information. The man claimed that he was a priest named Jeronimo de Aguilar and that, in 1511, his ship had run aground on a sandbar or shallow water somewhere between the colony of Darién, Panama, and Hispaniola. Aguilar stated that he and seventeen other people on the shipwrecked vessel loaded themselves into a rowboat and attempted to paddle to Cuba or Jamaica. Yet, storms and strong currents forced the small boat to a Yucatan beach, where a local Mayan chieftain captured the stranded Spaniards. Most of the captives reportedly suffered horrible fates. Some were said to have been killed in ritual sacrifice, and others were worked to death as laborers. Yet, Aguilar and other survivors eventually escaped and found shelter in more lenient Mayan communities. By 1519, only two of the original eighteen captives were still alive—Jeronimo de Aguilar and another man by the name of Gonzalo Guerrero.

 

Continuew reading about the tale of Gonzalo Guerrero and the way Spain learned of his supposed existence, HERE.

New Article: The Costly Battle of Champoton

(17th-century depiction of the entrance of Hernan Cortés into the city of Tabasco, [Public Domain] via Creative Commons)

In early 1517, over one hundred Spaniards on three ships set out from Cuba to explore the Yucatan Peninsula. The expedition, led by Francisco Hernandez de Cordoba, was met with mixed receptions whenever it made landfall. In some regions, the natives attempted to ambush the explorers when they came ashore. Yet, in other locations, locals received the conquistadors in peace, allowing the foreigners to tour their communities for a limited amount of time while under supervision. All in all, the expedition must have seemed lackluster—they had suffered casualties in the ambush and had found very little gold. Nevertheless, they were still making progress, if only in mapping the shores of the Yucatan Peninsula and learning about the local population.

Around early April, 1517, the Spaniards had traveled a fair distance down the western shore of the Yucatan Peninsula. In a fateful decision, the explorers decided to anchor their ships and paddle their rowboats to shore in order to gather water from some freshwater pools that they could see further inland. There were approximately one hundred conquistadors that were healthy in the expedition at the time, and all of them went ashore with their weapons. When they reached the freshwater pools, they saw signs of life—there were some small buildings nearby, and enough corn was planted there to make the Spaniards believe it was a local plantation.

Read about the confrontation between the conquistadors and the natives on the farmland near Champoton, HERE.

New Biography: Saint Teresa Of Avila And Her Life Of Mysticism And Reform

(The Ecstasy of St Therese, by Francesco Fontebasso (1707–1769), [Public Domain] via Creative Commons)

Teresa de Capeda y Ahumada, now known at St. Teresa, was born in 1515 within the region of Avila, Spain. Her parents, Don Alfonso Sanchez de Capeda, and his second wife, Dona Beatriz Davila y Ahumada, were from wealthy and powerful families with ties to the old kingdom of Castile. Despite her family’s affluent background, Teresa would go on to lead a reform movement among the Carmelite nuns, calling for a more honest vow of poverty and a harder, more religiously sincere, life of meditation and prayer.

Continue reading about St. Teresa and her mystical life, HERE.

10 Underhanded Ways The Spanish Franco Regime Aided Hitler And The Axis Powers in WWII

 

Many people forget a major country involved in World War Two—Spain. Though Spain was not a member of the Axis military alliance, it was politically and ideologically aligned with the Axis Powers.

Francisco Franco was the fascist dictator of Spain just before, during and after WWII. Germany and Italy helped Franco overthrow the government of Spain’s Second Republic during the Spanish Civil War. France, the USSR and many United States and British citizens supported the Republic. The Spanish Civil War ended mere months before the beginning of WWII.

During WWII, Franco kept close ties to his fellow fascist dictators, Hitler and Mussolini. He traded war supplies, weapons and ammunition to the Axis. He also allowed monitoring stations and saboteurs from the Axis to enter Spain to thwart the Allied Powers. Publicly, Franco applauded the Axis and denounced the Allies in speeches and letters. His boldest aid to the Axis, however, was the Blue Division—an army of Spanish volunteer (and later conscripted) soldiers that were sent to the Eastern Front to fight the Soviet Union.

All of this was done under Spain’s formal claim of neutrality. Franco’s aid to the Axis only diminished once the Allied Powers were clearly gaining the upper hand.  WWII ended with the Axis Powers defeated, Hitler and Mussolini dead, and Francisco Franco left as the last remaining major fascist dictator in Europe.

Read more here at War History Online.

The Killer Priests of the Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) was one of the most brutal wars of the 20th century. The horrors of WWII have relegated the Spanish Civil War toward the back of the history books, but the war between the Republican government of Spain and the Nationalist rebels brought about its own unbelievable atrocities. While both the Republic and the Nationalists were often merciless, this article discusses an unusual oxymoron of an anomaly in Nationalist Spain--the emergence of bloodthirsty priests. This article first explains the reasons as to why these warrior priests existed in the Spanish Civil War. The Spanish Republic had persecuted Catholic Spaniards before, and during, the war. The bulk of this article, however, displays three bloodthirsty priests--Father Martínez Laorden, Father Vicente and Benito Santesteban. Read about the events that caused these "holy men" to fall into bloodlust. Primary sources from either the priests, themselves, or the soldiers they accompanied during the war, will also be displayed in the piece.

 Read more about these bloodthirsty priests here at historybuff.com.